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eCo-FRienDly solutions
The Medical Centre in Aalborg was built before climate and energy issues were to the fore, so changes have had to be introduced along the way such as improvements in indoor climate.
When we arrive at one of the two ward blocks, where in-patients can rest in peace and quiet away from the agitation of the ER and outpatient departments, the head of construction points out another example. Here it was decided to install a double glass facade, which conducts heat away from the rooms and offices without reducing the amount of daylight entering the building. When the sun is shining, the air between the two layers of glass heats up and rises, thereby ensuring that the temperature does not grow too hot indoors. gReateR eleCtRiCity Consumption You can not walk around in the Medical Centre for very long before you notice something or rather, its absence. The simple lines and the bright spaces cause the hospital to resemble a university; and in fact, it smells more like a library than a pharmacy. "Even though we are in a hospital, it doesn't have to smell like a hospital. That would just make the patients even more nervous when they arrive," says Niels Uhrenfeldt. But while a great deal of emphasis has been placed on creating a good indoor climate in the building, to the benefit of both patients, relatives and staff, the level of electricity consumption has tended to increase, explains Aalborg Hospital's technical operations manager, Kaj Hyldgaard: "Consumption is increasing by two to three percent a year, and if we hadn't done anything about it, it would have been five percent. But you also have to remember that part of this increase is due to technological progress," he says.
One example is the way that patients are monitored. Previously, a nurse would physically sit with the seriously ill patients and keep an eye on them, but now the patients are connected to various machines which check their breathing, pulse and so on, and raise the alarm if the figures aren't what they should be. pRioRities The example also illustrates the different considerations that the client, architects, designers, engineers and users must take into account when new hospitals are built. Today, it is entirely natural when designing a hospital to take account of the environment, working conditions, architecture, design, and welfare technology, but the primary task of the hospitals is the same as it has always been: to care for the sick. Sometimes the green initiatives support this aim, but at other times they are at odds with each other. When the Medical Centre was built, it was decided to use taps with motion sensors, of the kind that don't turn on the water until you put your hands underneath. These taps use less water, and as the users don't need to touch anything to turn them on and off, the result is improved hygiene for both staff and patients. "But if you ask whether we chose these taps in order to save energy and water, or whether hygiene was the primary focus, I would have to answer that our first duty is to the health of our patients," says Heine Overby, head of the Construction Management department in the North Denmark Region. Another example is provided by the new washing
machines that the hospital has acquired. The machines adhere to the recommendations of Danish Standards, which state that the water should be heated to 80 degrees for materials which could potentially spread infection. This inevitably means a big electricity bill but no one wants to compromise on patient safety. "In this respect you could say that it is difficult to separate the various parameters," Niels Uhrenfeldt concludes. the FutuRe As mentioned, the Medical Centre in Aalborg was on the drawing-board in the second half of the 1990s, and a lot has happened since then. The Danish building regulations have been tightened up, new technologies have become available, and there is a greater focus on the environment now than ever before. "We focused on the areas that were technically feasible at the time, but obviously future hospitals will be much more energy-conserving," feels Niels Uhrenfeldt. Niels Uhrenfeldt, Heine Overby and Kaj Hyldgaard are however in agreement that the really big energy benefits will not be achieved until hospitals are themselves able to generate the energy they need. Because at the moment, new medical equipment is continually being introduced which, while it improves the patient's chances of becoming healthy, also uses ever larger amounts of electricity and that is a situation that you cannot save your way out of. It takes an awful lot of energy-saving bulbs to outweigh a new scanner.
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